I have MZ31-AR0 rev 1.0 motherboard that was on the older AST2500 Vertiv BMC firmware. Although you can download the newer AMI firmware, the update just leaves you non functional BMC. I searched the internet found other individuals with similar issue. I found old gigabyte news post talking about transition from Vertiv to AMI BMC firmware. It had screenshots of the example upgrade and referenced different upgrade script ‘NR_flashall.sh’. Searching the web I found public FTP site which had firmware for different gigabyte motherboard with this NR_flashall64.sh. Inside I found what was missing.
./gigaflash_x64 ../fw/126039.bin -cs 0 -a -2500 -no-reboot
Only difference I can find for the final upgrade string was ‘-no-reboot’. In all previous attempts I’ve powered my system down each and pull the AC plugs to make sure BMC get a full reset. But this time with with ‘-no-reboot’ option, after my cold reset, BMC was alive and kicking with AMI version.
Most laptops come with Windows license, but if you run Linux variant as your primary OS, you can still use the Windows OEM activation in VirtualBox, kvm, or what ever virtualization tool you use.
Quick and dirty speedtest using speedtest.net’s service right on pfSense OS. This wont be most accurate especially on low end devices as the speedtest takes CPU cycles away from NIC interrupts. Best to do this test on client behind the pfsense router.
Install the speedtest-cli package from Diagnostics -> Command Prompt
pfsense Before 2.4.5
pkg install -y py27-speedtest-cli
pfsense 2.4.5
pkg install -y py37-speedtest-cli-2.1.1
On pfsense 2.5.x
pkg install -y py37-speedtest-cli-2.1.2
On pfsense 2.6.x
pkg install -y py38-speedtest-cli-2.1.3
Then run speedtest at Diagnostics -> Command Prompt
I prefix this line on all PowerShell scripts that I know will be running on older PCs. Needed for Send-MailMessage, Invoke-WebRequest, Invoke-RestMethod, and probably more.
Goal is to access inside network port, e.g a web UI to switch or firewall, within a protected network. SSH client could be any device that can run SSH client. I’ve done this trick with SBCs, Switches, AP, and other low end devices. Also assume you have access to SSH server that is publicly accessible. Please consider the security implementation of this before comiting. In my case this was temporary to recovery access to remote devices.
-f : run ssh client in background -N : Do not execute remote command (port forward only) -T : Disable TTY allocation -p : port on remote endpoint. standard port is 22 -R : Port forward on remote host. [Port on remote endpoint]:[Destination host]:[Destination port] user@ip ssh remote endpoint
After connection has been established, user at SSH server 1.2.3.4 can access firewall at https://localhost:2215
Windows 11 has many system requirements that are ‘soft’ and not actually needed to function. During install you can disable of these checks. (RAM, TPM, Secure Boot, possibly more)
Start Windows 11 install with boot media
shift+10 to launch command prompt
Launch regedit
Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Setup and make new key labeled “LabConfig”
In LabConfig, add DWORD “BypassTPMCheck” with value 1 to disable TPM check
In LabConfig, add DWORD “BypassRAMCheck” with value 1 to disable RAM Check (4GB Min)
In LabConfig, add DWORD “BypassSecureBootCheck’ with value 1 to disable Secure Boot checking
In LabConfig, add DWORD “BypassStorageCheck” with value 1 to disable disk check (64GB min)
Close regedit and command prompt and continue install like normal.
Windows 10 to Windows 11 in place upgrade, still use USB Install to start the upgrade.
Start Windows 11 install with boot media
shift+10 to launch command prompt
Launch regedit
Go to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Setup and make new key labeled “MoSetup”
In MoSetup, add DWORD “AllowUpgradesWithUnsupportedTPMOrCPU” with value 1
Close regedit and command prompt and continue upgrade
Alternatively, rufus has Windows 11 ISO download and bypass check built in.
Some reason Print Management Console is not installed by default on Windows 10 Pro and Windows 11 Pro on recent builds. Has to be manually installed. New Windows 10 & 11 Settings for printer is just garbage in my opinion. Use Print Management for real control of printer and print drivers.
